Leadership and Organizational Behavior

Community environment, in formal and non formal organization there is always someone who is considered more and more. Someone who has more capabilities are then appointed or were shown as people entrusted to manage other people. Usually such a person called a leader or manager. Rather than the leader's leadership then came the term after a long process. 

Leadership is any act committed by individuals or groups to coordinate and give direction to individuals or other groups joined in a specific container to achieve the goal.The definition illustrates the broad and deep enough on leadership. Some other formulation that can be drawn the conclusion is:

• Leadership is any action undertaken by individuals or groups to coordinate and give direction to individuals or groups who joined in a specific container to achieve the goals set previously.
• Leaders among other activities occur in the form of giving commands, guide and influence the work group or others in order to achieve certain goals effectively and efficiently.
• Activity leaders can dilukisklan as art (art) and not a science (science) to coordinate and provide direction to members of the group in order to achieve a certain goal.
• Leading is taking the initiative in the framework of social situations (not individuals) to create a new initiative, determine the procedures, design creativity and all other acts and therefore also the organization's goals will be achieved.
• Leaders are always in social situations, because leadership is essentially a relationship between individuals with individuals or groups with individuals or other groups. Individuals or certain groups of so-called leaders and other individuals or groups are called subordinate. 
• Leaders do not separate themselves and the group, led to work with others to work and through others, or both.

Leadership in organizations 
One of the main tasks of a leader is to make the decision either individually, jointly or through other people. These decisions effectively will bring organizational human resources capable of moving the wheel organization, so organizations can run well for achieving the objectives set and agreed in advance. With effective decision this addition, the staff will be encouraged motivation to work, because his organization is ruled by offering certainty. Leaders who are not able to make productive decisions will bear the loss of leadership, and the organization he leads will have disintograsi, even entropy, disintograsi is meant here is another word for the condition of the organization until the time - when not moving, let alone extremely difficult. Entropy is meant here is a phase on the verge of bankruptcy, bankrupt even real.

Leadership Style 
Style means an attitude, movement, behavior, attitudes, while the elegant style of leadership is a set of characteristics of the leader to influence subordinates to achieve the organization or it can be said that leadership style is a pattern of behavior and the preferred strategy and is often applied by a leader.Four basic styles of leadership (based on the pattern of managerial leadership theory in 1960):

• Style task management (focus on production)
• Country club-style management (focus on man)
• Poor management style (not too much attention to production and human)
• Management style of the team (there are high attention in humans and the production and the nature of democracy)

Types of leadership
1. Autocratic leadership

• Leadership orotiter or orokratik proceed from the assumption that pimpinanlah who have full responsibility for the organization. Assume leadership of the organization that developed the decline depends only on himself, he works really, study hard, orderly, and should not be denied, his attitude is always selfish, closed to ideas from outside and the only ideas that are considered accurate.

2. Democratic Leaders

• The essence of democracy is openness and willingness memporisikan positioning of the work of, by and for the joint leadership of democracy based on the assumption that just because a dynamic group interaction, organizational goals will be realized by the dynamic interaction meant that the leader delegate tasks and give confidence to achieve the objectives that led to the quality quantitatively.

3. Leadership Permisit

• Permisit leaders do not have a strong stance, his attitude permissiveness.

Effective leadership1. Number of results issued by the leaders2. The level of satisfaction obtained by the leader3. Creative product of a leader4. The intensity of emotion that is achieved by one since he became leader
 Examples of the phenomenon of the failure of a leader

• South Korean President visits from the political point of view Kim Young Sam of South Korea's president often in criticism and in the midst of the debate. For example, he failed to unite a presidential candidate with opposition leader Kim Young Sam was arrested in 1987.

• An American political journalist said the American military is undergoing a complete failure of leadership because of violence attitudes of some commanders.

Over the past 10-15 years you can see many examples of complete failure of leadership, cruelty, perform or encourage cruelty in the case of torture, conspiracy in torture ordered the torture and then avoid responsibility.